SNAKES AND OTHER PESTS
The more we understand the desert snakes and critters that share our community, the safer we can be. We would like to review the most common venomous snakes and desert critters in our community, how to recognize them, where they are commonly found, and what to do if you are bitten or stung.

Snakes
Western Diamondback Rattlesnake – most rattlesnake encounters occur during the spring and summer months when warmer temperatures make them more active. It’s not uncommon to see them sunning themselves on rocks or even on roadways.
Arizona is home to about 19 species of rattlesnakes, although the Western Diamondback is the most common in our region. They can be identified by:
• A triangular-shaped head
• Two dark diagonal lines on each side of the face
• Dark diamond-shaped patterns along their back
• Distinct black-and-white bands just above the rattle
• Remember that the rattle is a warning system, if you’re close enough to hear it, stop immediately and slowly move backward the way you came in to get out of striking range (about 3 ft.)

If Bitten
• Seek immediate medical attention
• Stay calm to avoid increasing venom absorption
• Do not suck out the venom or apply a tourniquet
• Do not wash, irrigate, or bandage the wound
• Remove tight clothing or jewelry near the bite as swelling will occur

Gila Monsters
The Gila Monster is the largest venomous lizard native to the US and can grow to 22 inches in length. They have large heads and are covered in striking pink, yellow, and black scales, with long toes and sharp claws. Despite their appearance, they move very slowly and have poor eyesight, relying primarily on smell and taste to find food.
Gila Monsters live in burrows under rocks and are mostly nocturnal – if you see one during the day, it is likely searching for food. These reptiles are protected by Arizona State Law and may not be captured, harmed, or sold. Gila Monsters are not aggressive and will not chase after people. If threatened, they may hiss or back away before biting.

If Bitten
• Keep the affected area below heart level (upper chest)
• Rinse the wound gently with water
• Seek immediate medical attention
• A Gila Monster bite happens quickly, and once they latch on they may clamp down and chew

Bees
The Sonoran Desert is home to over 600 species of bees, with the Western Honeybee being the most common. Bees are generally not aggressive but will sting to defend themselves or their hive. A single sting usually causes mild redness and swelling. Seek emergency medical care if signs of anaphylaxis occur, including:
• difficulty breathing
• swelling of the tongue or throat
• hives
• dizziness or loss of consciousness
• Remember that multiple bee stings are a medical emergency

Spiders
Arizona’s warm and dry climate is ideal for spiders. They often hide in dark areas such as closets, drawers, sheds, flowerpots, and in garages. The two most common in our community are the Black Widow and Brown Recluse.
• Black Widow Spider – black widows are shiny black with a bright red hourglass shape on the underside of the abdomen. Females are larger and most likely to bite. A bite may show 2 puncture marks and may cause severe pain, muscle stiffness or spasms, difficulty breathing, and nausea, vomiting, fever, and chills.
• Brown Recluse Spider – brown recluse spiders have a violin-shaped marking on their head and six eyes. They prefer seclusion and usually bite only when trapped against human skin, often in shoes, towels, bedding, or gloves. Their bite may not be immediately painful but symptoms can worsen over several days and may include tissue damage. Medical care is recommended, and healing may take several weeks.

Scorpions
Arizona has several species of scorpions. The bark scorpion is the most medically significant. It is smaller (2-3 inches) with a slender tail, and while its venom can be dangerous, deaths are rare. Scorpions are most active during warm summer nights. Their sting causes immediate pain, numbness, and tingling. If stung:
• Stay Calm
• Clean the area with soap and water
• Seek medical attention if symptoms worsen
• Call poison control at 800-222-1222

Quick Safety Tips
• Always be aware of your surroundings
• Do not pick up or play with the wildlife
• Wear gloves when gardening or working outdoors
• Shake out boots, shoes, and gloves before use
• Always give the wildlife plenty of space
• Before picking up or opening boxes in your garage, give them a quick kick and listen and watch for any activity

“We live in a beautiful place – don’t let fear of snakes and critters keep you from enjoying it!”